Tax-free allowance on trading and property income

A reminder that there are two separate annual £1,000 tax allowances for property and trading income. If you have both types of income highlighted below, then you can claim a £1,000 allowance for each.

The £1,000 exemptions from tax apply in the following circumstances:

  • If you make up to £1,000 from self-employment, casual services (such as babysitting or gardening) or hiring personal equipment (such as power tools). This is known as the trading allowance.
  • If your annual gross property income is £1,000 or less, from one or more property businesses, you will not have to tell HMRC or declare this income on a tax return. For example, from renting a driveway or power tools. This is known as the property allowance.

Where each respective allowance covers all the individual’s relevant income (before expenses) the income is tax-free and does not have to be declared. Taxpayers with higher amounts of income will have the choice, when calculating their taxable profits, of deducting the allowance from their receipts, instead of deducting the actual allowable expenses. 

You cannot use the allowances in a tax year, if you have any trade or property income from:

  • a company you or someone connected to you owns or controls;
  • a partnership where you or someone connected to you are partners; and
  • your employer or the employer of your spouse or civil partner.

You cannot use the property allowance if you:

  • claim the tax reducer for finance costs such as mortgage interest for a residential property; and
  • deduct expenses from income from letting a room in your own home instead of using the rent-a-room scheme.
Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Letting relief

In general, there is no Capital Gains Tax (CGT) due on the disposal of a property which has been used as the main family residence. This relief from CGT is commonly known as 'private residence relief'. However, where all or part of the home has been rented out the entitlement to relief may be affected. Homeowners that let all or part of their house may not benefit from the full private residence relief, but may benefit from letting relief.

Homeowners that lived in their home at the same time as tenants, may qualify for letting relief on gains they make when they sell the property. Letting relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain made while the home is empty.

The maximum amount of letting relief due is the lower of:

  • The amount of private residence relief due
  • £40,000
  • The amount of gain you've made on the let part of the property

Worked example:

  • You used 40% of your house as your home and let out the other 60%.
  • You sell the property, making a gain of £60,000.
  • You're entitled to private residence relief of £24,000 on the part used as your home (40% of the £60,000 gain).
  • The remaining gain on the part of your home that's been let is £36,000.

The maximum letting relief due is £24,000 as this is the lower of:

  • £24,000 (the private residence relief due)
  • £40,000
  • £36,000 (the gain on the part of the property that's been let)

The letting exemption is only available when the conditions outlined above apply, most importantly that the property owner(s) were / are in shared occupancy with a tenant. The letting relief was more generous prior to 6 April 2020, when the requirement for the property owner to live in the property at the same time as their tenants did not apply. 

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Cause for optimism?

As we have moved into the new tax year, since 6 April 2023, the March hares have had their opportunity for madness and there is just a glimmer of warmer weather ahead. And perhaps, we may even witness a growing measure of control over rising prices.

There were a few good tidings for business owners in the recent Budget, for example, the unlimited expensing (100% write-off) of qualifying capital expenditure for companies, and the abolition of the lifetime limit on pension pots.

But whilst we may draw deeper breaths and enjoy the sun on our faces in the coming weeks there are still challenges ahead and we would do well to be mindful…

Is now a good time to take stock? To quantify any damage to balance sheets and to reappraise our trading prospects in the coming year? We would say yes, it is.

And whilst we can undertake this “planning” while we soak up the spring sun, it is more productive to give yourself half-a-day away from your desk and create a formal business plan that you can use to measure performance in the coming months.

Every business and business owner will have a unique set of circumstances to deal with during 2023. If you are keen to make the most of any upturn in trade, now is the perfect time to consider your options.

We can help.

Source: Other Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Claim tax relief for charitable donations

The Gift Aid scheme is available to all UK taxpayers. The charity or Community Amateur Sports Clubs (CASC) concerned can take a taxpayer’s donation and, provided all the qualifying conditions are met, can reclaim the basic rate tax allowing for an extra 25p of tax relief on every pound donated to charity.

Higher rate and additional rate taxpayers are eligible to claim tax relief on the difference between the basic rate and their highest rate of tax. This can be actioned through their Self-Assessment tax return or by asking HMRC to amend their tax code.

For example:

If a taxpayer donates £500 to charity, the total value of the donation to the charity is £625. The taxpayer can claim additional tax back of:

  • £125 if they pay tax at 40% (£625 × 20%),
  • £156.25 if they pay tax at 45% (£625 × 20%) plus (£625 × 5%).

Taxpayers should be aware that one of the conditions of qualifying for tax relief is that you must have paid enough tax (or any tax) in the relevant tax year. The rules state that your donations will qualify for tax relief as long as you have not claimed more than 4 times what you have paid in tax in that tax year. If you have claimed more tax relief than you are entitled to you will need to notify the charity and pay back any excess tax relief to HMRC.

Taxpayers can also give money to a charity from their wages using the payroll giving scheme. The scheme allows taxpayers to make a tax-free donation to charity directly from their pay or pension if their employer runs a suitable scheme, which has been approved by HMRC. 

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Shares and asset valuations for tax purposes

The Shares and Assets Valuations (SAV) team is a special section of HRMC that deals with enquiries in respect of the valuations of unquoted shares – shares of companies which are not quoted, listed or traded on the stock exchange for taxation purposes. 

The office also deals with other asset valuations including:

  • intangible assets (for example intellectual property, trademarks, patents, goodwill)
  • foreign shares
  • bloodstock
  • chattels
  • foreign residential property
  • boats, aircraft and a range of other assets

Valuations are required in many circumstances including acquisitions, disposals, issue of certain share options and transfers as a gift or upon death. Requests for valuations should be sent initially by post. HMRC will only email you with confidential information if given written agreement that they can do so. The SAV office can also help with Post Transaction Valuation Checks for the disposal of assets.

The SAV does not provide valuations for:

  • aircraft
  • bloodstock (for example, racehorses and livestock herds)
  • boats
  • chattels (such as antiques, art and jewellery)
  • foreign residential property
  • foreign shares
  • intangible assets (such as intellectual property, trademarks, patents and goodwill)
  • negligible value claims
  • quoted and unquoted shares
Source: HM Revenue & Customs Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Scotland’s increased social security benefits

There has been a 10.1% increase in twelve Scottish government grants that are delivered through Social Security Scotland. Seven of these benefits are only available North of the border.

The Scottish Social Security Minister said the following:

“We are committing £5.2 billion for social security benefits in 2023-24, providing support to more than one million people in Scotland. This is £776 million above the level of funding we are forecast to receive from the UK Government for social security through Block Grant Adjustments.

“The choices we have taken in our Budget represent a significant investment in people and are key to our national mission to tackle child poverty. They will help low-income families with their living costs, support people to heat their homes in winter, and enable disabled people to live full and independent lives. This is money that will go directly to people who need it the most.”

The benefits that have increased are:

  • Child Winter Hearing Assistance
  • Carer’s Allowance Supplement
  • Young Carer Grant
  • Job Start Payment
  • Best Start Grant Early Learning Payment
  • Best Start Grant School Age Payment
  • Adult Disability Payment
  • Child Disability Payment
  • Best Start Foods
  • Best Start Grant Pregnancy & Baby Payment
  • Funeral Support Payment
  • Winter Heating Payment

In addition, the Scottish Child Payment increased to £25 per week from 14 November 2022. The payment is available to qualifying applicants living in Scotland for children under the age of 16. This represented a 150% increase in eight months.

Source: The Scottish Government Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

VAT guidance for overseas sellers

New simplified VAT guidance for overseas sellers has been published by HMRC. The guidance also includes a new translation into simplified Mandarin to help support Chinese retailers that sell goods online into the United Kingdom.

The guidance provides further information about the rules and obligations for overseas sellers that using online marketplaces and selling goods directly to UK consumers. This includes details of when and how VAT and import duties must be charged to customers by international sellers.

In 2022, the UK imported £83.3 billion in goods and services from China and Hong Kong. Online shopping accounted for 26.5% of all UK retail sales in 2022, with a substantial number of goods being bought from international sellers via online marketplaces.

Commenting on the publication of the simplified guidance, HMRC’s Director for Individuals and Small Business Compliance, said:

'We have acted on feedback from businesses to simplify and compile this online guidance into one, easily accessible place on GOV.UK. We have also recently published a simplified Mandarin translation of our guidance following research conducted with Chinese businesses.

By making our VAT and import duty rules easier to understand, we will be able to increase tax compliance levels for online sellers. We are asking UK freight, customs and shipping agents to help us reduce the tax gap by sharing this simplified guidance with their customers. By working together, we can help everyone pay the right amount of tax at the right time.'

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Full expensing started 1 April 2023

The new 100% first-year capital allowance for qualifying plant and machinery assets known as full expensing came into effect on 1 April 2023. This measure expected to help boost business investment and growth.

The Financial Secretary to the Treasury, said:

“We are determined to make the UK the best place in the world to do business, which is why businesses can start to benefit from the raft of tax cuts on offer to boost their growth. With full expensing, the more a company invests the less tax they’ll pay, and I encourage companies of any size to take full advantage of this world-leading reform.”

To qualify for full expensing, expenditure must be incurred on the provision of “main rate” plant or machinery. It should be noted that full expensing is only available to companies subject to Corporation Tax. 

Plant and machinery that may qualify for full expensing includes (but is not limited to):

  • machines such as computers, printers, lathes and planers;
  • office equipment such as desks and chairs;
  • vehicles such as vans, lorries and tractors (but not cars);
  • warehousing equipment such as forklift trucks, pallet trucks, shelving and stackers;
  • tools such as ladders and drills;
  • construction equipment such as excavators, compactors, and bulldozers; and
  • some fixtures such as kitchen and bathroom fittings and fire alarm systems in non-residential property.

The new measure will initially apply from 1 April 2023 until 31 March 2026 although this may be extended. The super-deduction that was introduced during the pandemic ended on 31 March 2023. Under full expensing, for every pound a company invests, their taxes will be cut by up to 25p.

For “special rate” expenditure, which doesn’t qualify for full expensing, a 50% first-year allowance (FYA) can be claimed instead. The 50% FYA was introduced alongside the super-deduction and was also due to end on 31 March 2023. It will now be extended by three years to 31 March 2026.

Businesses can also continue to use the Annual Investment Allowance (AIA) to claim a 100% tax deduction on qualifying expenditure on plant and machinery of up to £1m per year. This includes unincorporated businesses and most partnerships.

Source: HM Treasury Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Tax when you sell property

The annual exempt amount applicable to Capital Gains Tax (CGT) has been reduced to £6,000 (from £12,300) for the new 2023-24 tax year.

CGT is normally charged at a simple flat rate of 20% and this applies to most chargeable gains made by individuals. If taxpayers only pay basic rate tax and make a small capital gain, they may only be subject to a reduced rate of 10%. Once the total of taxable income and gains exceed the higher rate threshold, the excess will be subject to 20% CGT. 

A higher rate of CGT applies to gains on the disposal of residential property (apart from a principal private residence). The rates are 18% for basic rate taxpayers and 28% for higher rate taxpayers.

Most people are aware that they do not usually have to pay CGT when they sell their qualifying residential property used wholly as a main family residence. However other sales of property that are not a principle private residence (PPR) will be subject to CGT.

This includes:

  • buy-to-let properties
  • business premises
  • land
  • inherited property

The deadline for paying any CGT due on the sale of a residential property is 60-days. This means that a CGT return needs to be completed and a payment on account of any CGT due should be made within 60-days of the completion of the transaction. This applies to UK residents selling UK residential property where CGT is due.

There are various reliefs available from CGT for the sale of qualifying business assets.

Source: HM Treasury Mon, 03 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0100