Due date for paper self-assessment tax return

A final reminder that the 2023-24 tax return deadline for taxpayers who continue to submit paper self-assessment returns is 31 October 2024. Late submission of a self-assessment return will incur a £100 late filing penalty. The penalty usually applies even if there is no liability or if any tax due is paid in full by 31 January 2025.

We would recommend that anyone still submitting paper tax returns consider the benefits of submitting the returns electronically and benefit from an additional three months (until 31 January 2025) in which to submit a 2023-24 return.

Taxpayers with certain underpayments in the 2023-24 tax year can elect to have this amount collected via their tax code (in 2025-26), provided they are in employment or in receipt of a UK-based pension. The coding applies to certain debts and the amount of debt that can be coded out ranges from £3,000 to £17,000 based on a graduated scale. The maximum coding out allowance only applies to taxpayers with earnings exceeding £90,000.

Daily penalties of £10 per day will also take effect if the tax return is still outstanding three months after the filing date up to a maximum of £900. If the return still remains outstanding further higher penalties will be charged from six months and twelve months after the formal payment deadline.

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Changing your tax return

If you have submitted a self-assessment return and later realise you need to make changes, there are specific rules to follow. This situation might arise if, for instance, you entered a number incorrectly or omitted certain information from your self-assessment return.

If you filed your return online, you could amend your return online as follows:

  1. Sign in to your personal tax account using your Government Gateway user ID and password.
  2. From ‘Your tax account’, choose ’Self-Assessment account’ (if you do not see this, skip this step).
  3. Choose ‘More Self-Assessment details’.
  4. Choose ‘At a glance’ from the left-hand menu.
  5. Choose ‘Tax Return options’.
  6. Choose the tax year for the year you want to amend.
  7. Access the tax return, make the corrections, and file it again.

You must wait 3 days (72 hours) after filing before updating your return. If you opted to file your return on paper, you would need to download a new return and fill in the pages that you wish to change and write ‘amendment’ on each page. You must also include your name and Unique Taxpayer Reference on each page and then send the corrected pages to the address where you sent your original return.

If you used commercial software to submit your self-assessment return, then you should contact your software provider in the first instance. If your software provider cannot help, contact HMRC.

The deadline for making changes for the 2022-23 tax year using the methods mentioned above is 31 January 2025. If you miss this deadline, you will need to write to HMRC. For example, if you discover an error in your 2021-22 return after 31 January 2024. Your letter should specify the tax year you are correcting, explain why you believe you have overpaid or underpaid tax, and state the amount involved. You can request a refund up to four years after the end of the relevant tax year.

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

VAT recovery from car leasing payments

The VAT treatment of motor expenses is an important concern for any business that incurs VAT on these costs. Below, we highlight key points to consider regarding the recovery of input tax (VAT) when leasing vehicles.

We have covered below some important points to be aware of concerning the recovery of input tax (VAT) when leasing vehicles.

  • Leasing company recovering VAT on purchase of cars. A leasing company can usually recover the VAT incurred as long as the cars are leased at a commercial rate.
  • Businesses leasing a car and recovering the VAT. If a business leases a ‘qualifying car’ for business purposes they cannot, in most cases, recover 50% of the VAT charged. The 50% block covers the private use of the car. The business can reclaim the remaining 50% of the VAT charged, subject to the normal rules.
  • Cars leased primarily for taxi or driving instruction. A business can reclaim all of the VAT charged on the lease if the car is a qualifying car and the business intends to use it primarily for:
    • hire with a driver for carrying passengers; or
    • providing driving instruction.
  • 50% block applying to self-drive hire (daily rental) as well as leasing. This restriction applies if the car is hired simply to replace an off the road ordinary company car.
Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Take goods with you to sell abroad

There are specific customs requirements for commercial goods that you take with you to sell abroad. You must declare any goods intended for sale outside the UK, whether they are in your baggage or a private vehicle.

The regulations for commercial goods or samples carried by passengers in their accompanied baggage are known as Merchandise in Baggage (MIB). As of January 2024, the threshold for simplified declarations of MIB increased to £2,500 (increased from £1,500). If your goods fall below this threshold, you can make a simple online declaration within five days before your departure.

A full export declaration is necessary if the goods exceed £2,500 in value or if they are subject to excise duty or import/export restrictions.

For Northern Ireland, different rules apply. If you are taking commercial goods from Northern Ireland to Great Britain or the EU in your accompanied baggage, no declaration is required.

There are separate procedures for temporarily taking goods abroad (such as samples for a trade fair) or when using a courier or freight forwarder.

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Changing a company’s year end date

There are specific rules that restrict changing a company’s year-end date, also known as the "accounting reference date". Initially, this is based on the date of incorporation. Under certain conditions, it’s possible to adjust the accounting year-end, which may offer trading or tax advantages for some businesses.

You can generally change the year-end for the current financial year or the one immediately preceding it. Altering the year-end will also adjust the deadline for filing accounts, except during a new company’s first financial year.

You can shorten the year-end date an unlimited number of times, but you can only extend it once every five years, with a maximum extension of 18 months. Extensions may occur more frequently under specific circumstances, such as if the company is in administration.

To request a change to an accounting reference date, you can use the Companies House online service for a quicker process or submit a postal version of the Change of Accounting Reference Date (AA01) form. Changes cannot be made for periods where accounts are overdue.

While there is no definitive reason to choose one date over another, various factors should be considered. The most common year-end dates are typically 31 December (to align with the calendar year) or 31 March (to align with the tax year).

Additionally, the Companies House rules stipulate that the year-end cannot be changed for any period where the accounts are overdue .

Source: Companies House Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

HMRC shares 5 common reasons for helpline calls

There are a little over three months remaining to file your self-assessment tax return online for 2023-24. The deadline is 31 January 2025. As this date approaches, an increasing number of individuals are reaching out to HMRC’s helpline for help. 

To help ease the demand, HMRC has shared the top five reasons people are calling the self-assessment helpline and is encouraging everyone to use the online resources for quicker access to information.

The 5 most common reasons for calling the helpline are:

  1. I no longer need to complete a self-assessment tax return.
  2. I need to register for self-assessment.
  3. Can you tell me if I still have to complete a tax return?
  4. What’s happening with my self-assessment registration?
  5. What’s happening with my self-assessment repayment?

Taxpayers may need to complete a tax return, even if they pay taxes through PAYE, for example, if they:

  • are self-employed and have earned gross income over £1,000;
  • are self-employed and earned up to £1,000 and wish to pay Class 2 NICs voluntarily to protect their entitlement to State Pension and certain benefits;
  • are a partner in a business partnership;
  • had a total taxable income of more than £150,000;
  • have received any untaxed income including pension income over £2,500;
  • received income over £1,000 from trading or providing services online;
  • have to pay the High Income Child Benefit charge;
  • received interest from banks and building societies or investments (more than £10,000); or
  • received rental or letting income from UK land and property.

Over 12 million taxpayers need to complete their self-assessment for the 2023-24 tax year and pay any taxes due by the 31 January 2025.

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Managing business cashflow

Cash Flow Forecasting

Creating a cash flow forecast helps you predict your inflows and outflows, allowing you to anticipate any cash shortages. Update it regularly, be conservative in estimates, and account for any seasonal trends. A well-maintained forecast can help you identify potential issues early on and take corrective actions.

Speeding Up Cash Inflows

Encourage customers to pay promptly by offering incentives for early payments or tightening credit terms. Automated invoicing can also speed things up. If you’re struggling with long payment cycles, consider invoice factoring, where you sell invoices to a third party to unlock cash quickly.

Control Cash Outflows

Negotiate extended payment terms with suppliers, and stagger payments throughout the month to maintain cash in your account longer. Review expenses regularly and eliminate unnecessary costs. Using business credit cards for small purchases can help but be cautious about interest rates.

Build Cash Reserves

Aim to have an emergency fund that covers at least three months’ worth of expenses. This will provide a safety net during slow periods. Set aside money for tax obligations, such as VAT and corporation tax, to avoid any last-minute cash crunches when payments are due.

Use Financing Options

If necessary, consider short-term financing options such as overdraft facilities or short-term loans. These can provide relief during a cash crunch but should be used strategically and sparingly to avoid long-term financial strain. Invoice financing is another option if you have cash tied up in outstanding invoices.

Review Your Pricing Strategy

Make sure your prices are in line with your costs, especially if inflation or other market conditions have driven up your expenses. Periodic reviews of your pricing can ensure you’re generating enough revenue to cover costs and build cash reserves. Adjust prices if necessary and consider a value-based pricing model.

Monitor Key Metrics

Keep a close eye on metrics like Days Sales Outstanding (DSO), which tracks how quickly customers are paying. The lower the DSO, the better for your cash flow. Also, monitor your gross profit margin and liquidity ratios, ensuring you have enough cash on hand to cover liabilities.

Plan for Growth

Rapid growth can strain cash flow if you don’t plan for it properly. When expanding, ensure your forecasts account for the additional costs you’ll incur. Where possible, opt for gradual, sustainable growth, and consider pre-selling products or services to raise cash in advance.

Are you using the best VAT scheme?

Consider using the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme if you’re VAT-registered and qualify to use this scheme. It lets you pay VAT only when you’ve been paid by your customers, easing cash flow pressures.

Prepare for Uncertainty

Scenario planning helps you prepare for unexpected cash flow problems. By considering best, worst, and expected cases, you’ll be more prepared for any surprises. Insurance can also help by covering unexpected events that could otherwise create a financial burden.

We can help

If you are experiencing cashflow difficulties and would value advice with implementing any of the above strategies, please call, we can help.

Source: Other Mon, 21 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Recent speculation on forthcoming Budget

There is unlikely to be much to celebrate when Rachel Reeves delivers her first Budget on the 30th of October.

Speculation is rife regarding the likely targets for tax increases. We have listed a few of the more persistent predictions below. But note, these are just predictions and there will no doubt be “surprises” when the Budget details are released.

Personal Taxes and Pensions

Labour has pledged not to increase the main rates of Income Tax, National Insurance (NI), or VAT, but other forms of personal taxation may be impacted. Pensions, in particular, are expected to be a focus. For example:

  • There are discussions around reducing the tax-free pension lump sum from its current level (£268,275) to a lower amount, which could raise around £2 billion annually​.
  • Flat-rate pension tax relief, replacing the current marginal rate system, may be introduced, which could save the government around £5 billion, but it would negatively affect higher earners​.
  • Employer pension contributions could also face National Insurance charges, which may lead to employers offering less generous pension schemes​.

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) and Inheritance Tax (IHT)

CGT rates could be increased, with some speculation suggesting they may be aligned with Income Tax rates, raising the top rate from 20% to as much as 45%. This would significantly impact higher earners and business owners. Another option is introducing a "double death tax," where assets are taxed both via CGT upon death and subsequently through IHT​.

Regarding IHT, Labour might increase the tax rate above the current 40% or reduce the £325,000 nil-rate band. Pension pots, currently excluded from IHT, could also be brought into the fold​. .

Business Taxes

While Labour has ruled out large hikes in business taxes, some changes are expected. For example:

  • National Insurance Contributions (NICs): A rise in employer NICs from 13.8% to 14.8% is a possibility, potentially raising £8–9 billion for the Treasury.
  • Carried Interest and Energy Profits Levy: Reforms to the taxation of carried interest, particularly affecting private equity, and an extension to the Energy Profits Levy are likely to be part of the Budget​.

Other Measures

  • Fuel Duty: For the first time in 13 years, fuel duty may be increased, partly as a move to promote the adoption of electric vehicles​.
  • VAT on Private Schools: Labour has committed to imposing VAT on private school fees starting in January 2025, a measure that could generate additional revenue but has sparked debate​.

Overall, the October 2024 Budget is shaping up to include "painful" decisions as Labour looks to tackle the fiscal deficit, with changes focused on wealth and asset taxes, pensions, and potentially significant tweaks to business taxation policies.

Source: Other Mon, 21 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Deferring Class 1 NIC contributions

Employees with more than one job may be eligible to defer or delay paying Class 1 National Insurance in certain situations. This deferment can be considered if any of the following apply:

  • You pay Class 1 National Insurance to more than one employer.
  • You earn £967 or more per week from one job over the tax year.
  • You earn £1,209 or more per week from two jobs combined over the tax year.

This deferral may allow for reduced NIC deductions of 2% on weekly earnings between £242 and £967 in one of your jobs, instead of the standard 8% rate.

At the end of the tax year, HMRC will review your National Insurance contributions and notify you if you owe NIC arrears.

Most self-employed individuals are also required to pay Class 4 NICs. While it was previously possible to defer these contributions, that option is no longer available. However, you may be able to claim a refund for past tax years.

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 15 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Class 4 National Insurance payments

Self-employed individuals are usually required to pay Class 4 National Insurance contributions (NICs) if their annual profits exceed £12,570. For the 2024-25 tax year, Class 4 NIC rates are set at 6% (down from 9% in 2023-24) on profits between £12,570 and £50,270, with an additional 2% charged on profits above £50,270.

Certain groups are exempt from paying Class 4 NICs, including:

  • Individuals under 16 at the start of the tax year.
  • Individuals over State Pension age at the start of the tax year. If someone reaches State Pension age during the tax year, they remain liable for Class 4 NICs for the entire tax year.
  • Trustees and guardians of incapacitated individuals are exempt from paying Class 4 NICs on that income.

The Class 4 NIC rate is lower than the corresponding rate for employees, who pay 8% on the same income levels. Both employees and the self-employed contribute 2% on income above the higher rate threshold.

The majority of individuals pay Class 4 National Insurance via self-assessment.

Source: HM Revenue & Customs Tue, 15 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0100